Pediatric ECMO differs from adult ECMO mainly due to differences in patient size, physiology, and medical conditions. Children, especially newborns, require smaller equipment and more careful management of blood flow and anticoagulation. Cannulation in children often involves direct access to the heart, while adults usually have peripheral access. Pediatric ECMO is commonly used for conditions like congenital diaphragmatic hernia or neonatal sepsis, whereas adult ECMO is more often used for ARDS or cardiac arrest. Outcomes tend to be better in pediatric cases, and follow-up focuses more on long-term development.